The Stages of Labour: A Clear Breakdown of What Happens and When
Jun 26, 2025
Are you curious about how labour unfolds? Have you ever wondered what comes first, what comes next, and how long each part lasts? If you have questions about the stages of labour, you are not alone. Most parents want to know what to expect as birth approaches. In this guide we will walk through all four phases step by step, explaining the early stages of labour, the first stage of labour, and everything that follows in easy to understand language.
Labour is a powerful and natural process. It can feel a bit mysterious or even scary if you do not know what is happening. By the time you finish this guide you will feel more confident and prepared. You will understand the 3 stages of labor, the timing you might expect, and how each phase helps bring your baby into the world.
What Really Counts as the “Stages of Labour”?
When people talk about birth they often mean the stages of labour. These are the phases your body goes through to bring a baby out. You may also see the phrase phases of labor or labor stages and phases, but they all point to the same journey.
In many places you will see three stages listed:
First stage
Second stage
Third stage
But there are actually 4 stages of labour, including the time after birth when your body recovers and the baby settles in. Listening to your body, your midwife, or your partner during labour helps you stay steady and connected.
First Stage of Labour
(Opening and dilation)
The first stage of labor is when the cervix starts opening and getting softer. People often call this the 1st stage labor or 1st stage labor phases. This stage has two parts: the early part called latent and the stronger part called active.
Latent Phase
This part starts with early labour pains. You may feel mild tightening, cramps, or backache. You might think it is a menstrual cramp or stomach ache. This can last for hours or even days. It is a time for slow rhythm. This is when your cervix is opening from closed to about 3 or 4 centimeters.
Active Phase
During the first phase of labor the cervix opens faster and the contractions get stronger and longer. This is when you feel tension in your belly or back and have to focus on your breathing. You might want to use music, a birth ball, or support from your partner. The cervix is now opening from 4 centimeters to 10 centimeters.
Signs and symptoms of first stage of labor include:
Regular, strong contractions
Contractions close together
Pressure low in your belly
Water may break at any time
Some people think breaking water means labour starts, but often it starts with contractions. The average length of labor in this stage may be 8–12 hours for first timers but varies widely. Each body and each birth story is different.
Second Stage of Labour
(Pushing and birth)
When the cervix is fully open you reach the 2nd stage labor, sometimes called second stage of labor or second stage of labor signs. This is when you push and baby comes out.
What Happens
You may feel an urge to push when the baby moves down. Your midwife or doctor will guide you. You push with contractions, using your energy and breath. You will feel more pressure and warmth.
Timing
This stage can be quick, like 30 minutes, or take longer, even 2 or 3 hours. That is okay. If there is a delay, things like the baby's position or your stamina may play a part. A delayed second stage of labour may mean extra rest, changing positions, or a short break before pushing again.
Signs you are in second stage
Feeling a strong urge to push
Baby’s head is visible
No need to walk or move—just focus
Once the baby is born the pushing ends. You may cry, laugh, or just hold your baby. It is a big moment.
Third Stage of Labour
(Delivery of the placenta)
After birth comes the 3rd stage of labor, also called the third stage of labour or 3rd stage of labor. This is when the placenta comes out.
What Happens
You might have mild contractions again. These help the placenta separate and come out. Your midwife may help by guiding the cord or gently pushing. These moves are gentle and quick.
Timing
This stage usually lasts 5–30 minutes. If the placenta holds on, it is called retained placenta. Then the birth team helps in safe ways.
Why it matters
This stage is important. The placenta separates and your body stops bleeding. You stay safe and begin bonding with your baby.
Fourth Stage of Labor
(Recovery after birth)
This final part may surprise you. It is called the 4th stage of labor. It is the time after birth, when your body recovers and the baby meets its parents.
What Happens
You will rest and hold your baby. Your uterus shrinks and uterus contraction healing happens. Skin to skin time and first feeding are magical moments.
Timing
This stage goes on for a few hours. Nurses or midwives check your health, make sure you feel safe, and help with feeding.
Why it matters
This is the time for bonding and calm. Emotional support matters now. Your baby feels safe and you start to heal.
Why Knowing the Stages Helps You Feel Ready
When you learn the stages of labor and delivery it makes the process less scary. You can understand why things hurt or why they take time. You feel more confident in each phase.
If you learn the stages of labor in pregnancy, you can prepare. Things like a birth plan, hospital bag, breathing exercises or walking practice get real.
Parents also find comfort by knowing when they will push or when recovery will happen. Learning labels like early stages of labour and final stages of labour helps give you steady steps forward.
Common Differences in Timing
(Each body and birth is unique)
Every birth is its own story. Some labours are fast, some take time. You may see these patterns:
An average length of labor is tough to pin down
A fast labour could mean just a few hours
A slow labour might be two days
A delayed second stage of labour may be because of baby's position or mother's rest time
There is no right or wrong. Birth is beautiful even if it moves slowly.
Coping With Each Phase
(What helps you feel strong)
Early Stage of Labour
Take it slow. Walk, breathe, sip water. Comfort items help.
Active First Stage
Use breathing, cushions, low lights. Partner support matters here.
Second Stage
Push with guidance. Try different positions: squat or hands and knees.
Third and Fourth Stage
Rest, hold your baby, drink water, snack, let birth helpers watch you.
A Little Note From Lunara
Your body is wise. It knows how to carry, grow, and birth a baby. And at Lunara, we believe in holding space for that wisdom. That’s why we’re creating gentle digital tools to help you feel more in tune with your body. Soon, Lunara’s app will support you through pregnancy, labour planning, and postpartum healing — from understanding signs to preparing for what’s ahead.
Our pregnancy and birth calculators are just the beginning. They’re designed to give you clarity without stress. Want to be among the first to use them? Join our waitlist today and be part of a new kind of care — one that feels like a warm, trusted hand in yours.
Final Thoughts
Labour isn’t just about the moment your baby is born. It’s a full story with many chapters. The early signs, the build-up, the pushing, the release, and the stillness afterward — each phase matters. They all teach you something about your body, your strength, and your capacity to love.
No two births are the same. No two timelines are identical. But all bodies deserve kindness, support, and care. Your birth story will unfold in its own way, and that’s not just okay — it’s beautiful.
So take deep breaths. Ask for help when you need it. Trust what your body tells you. You’re doing something incredible — and you’re never alone in it.
FAQs About Labour Stages
Q: How many stages of labour are there?
There are four stages of labour, and each one has its own purpose. The first stage is when your cervix slowly opens (dilates). The second stage is the pushing phase, when your baby is born. The third stage is when the placenta comes out. And the fourth stage is the first few hours after birth, when your body starts to rest and recover. Each stage plays an important role in the full journey of labour and birth.
Q: How long does each stage take?
It’s different for everyone. The first stage (dilation) can take several hours, especially if it’s your first baby — it might be 8 to 12 hours, but it could be more or less. The second stage (pushing) can last anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours. The third stage (delivering the placenta) is usually quick, around 10 to 30 minutes. And the fourth stage (recovery) is the first 1 to 2 hours after birth, when your body starts adjusting. Don’t worry if things move slower or faster — your body has its own pace.
Q: What are signs of the 1st stage of labor?
The first stage begins gently for many people. You might feel lower back pain, mild cramps that grow stronger, or your water might break. As contractions become more regular and intense, you’ll know your cervix is beginning to open. You may feel excited, nervous, or a bit unsure — all of that is normal. Your body is just beginning the process.
Q: What are signs of the 2nd stage of labor?
This is when things start to shift. You’ll likely feel a strong urge to push, as if your body is helping guide your baby out. Some people say they feel pressure in their bottom. Others describe a wave of energy or intense focus. You might even see a bit of your baby’s head — this is called “crowning.” It’s a powerful stage, full of strength and support.
Q: What is delayed second stage of labour?
Sometimes, the second stage (pushing) takes longer than expected. If the baby isn’t moving down as quickly, it’s called a delayed second stage. This might happen if you're tired, or your baby needs more time to rotate or move. Care teams often suggest changing positions or taking a break. In some cases, gentle assistance like vacuum or forceps might be discussed. It doesn’t mean anything is wrong — it just means your team is looking out for both of you.
Q: What if you do not want intervention?
That’s completely okay. If you’d prefer to avoid medical help unless it’s truly needed, the best thing is to make a birth plan in advance. Share your wishes with your midwife or doctor early on, so they understand what matters most to you. You can ask for things like time, privacy, or natural comfort measures. It’s your body and your birth — you have the right to feel supported and heard every step of the way.
Are you curious about how labour unfolds? Have you ever wondered what comes first, what comes next, and how long each part lasts? If you have questions about the stages of labour, you are not alone. Most parents want to know what to expect as birth approaches. In this guide we will walk through all four phases step by step, explaining the early stages of labour, the first stage of labour, and everything that follows in easy to understand language.
Labour is a powerful and natural process. It can feel a bit mysterious or even scary if you do not know what is happening. By the time you finish this guide you will feel more confident and prepared. You will understand the 3 stages of labor, the timing you might expect, and how each phase helps bring your baby into the world.
What Really Counts as the “Stages of Labour”?
When people talk about birth they often mean the stages of labour. These are the phases your body goes through to bring a baby out. You may also see the phrase phases of labor or labor stages and phases, but they all point to the same journey.
In many places you will see three stages listed:
First stage
Second stage
Third stage
But there are actually 4 stages of labour, including the time after birth when your body recovers and the baby settles in. Listening to your body, your midwife, or your partner during labour helps you stay steady and connected.
First Stage of Labour
(Opening and dilation)
The first stage of labor is when the cervix starts opening and getting softer. People often call this the 1st stage labor or 1st stage labor phases. This stage has two parts: the early part called latent and the stronger part called active.
Latent Phase
This part starts with early labour pains. You may feel mild tightening, cramps, or backache. You might think it is a menstrual cramp or stomach ache. This can last for hours or even days. It is a time for slow rhythm. This is when your cervix is opening from closed to about 3 or 4 centimeters.
Active Phase
During the first phase of labor the cervix opens faster and the contractions get stronger and longer. This is when you feel tension in your belly or back and have to focus on your breathing. You might want to use music, a birth ball, or support from your partner. The cervix is now opening from 4 centimeters to 10 centimeters.
Signs and symptoms of first stage of labor include:
Regular, strong contractions
Contractions close together
Pressure low in your belly
Water may break at any time
Some people think breaking water means labour starts, but often it starts with contractions. The average length of labor in this stage may be 8–12 hours for first timers but varies widely. Each body and each birth story is different.
Second Stage of Labour
(Pushing and birth)
When the cervix is fully open you reach the 2nd stage labor, sometimes called second stage of labor or second stage of labor signs. This is when you push and baby comes out.
What Happens
You may feel an urge to push when the baby moves down. Your midwife or doctor will guide you. You push with contractions, using your energy and breath. You will feel more pressure and warmth.
Timing
This stage can be quick, like 30 minutes, or take longer, even 2 or 3 hours. That is okay. If there is a delay, things like the baby's position or your stamina may play a part. A delayed second stage of labour may mean extra rest, changing positions, or a short break before pushing again.
Signs you are in second stage
Feeling a strong urge to push
Baby’s head is visible
No need to walk or move—just focus
Once the baby is born the pushing ends. You may cry, laugh, or just hold your baby. It is a big moment.
Third Stage of Labour
(Delivery of the placenta)
After birth comes the 3rd stage of labor, also called the third stage of labour or 3rd stage of labor. This is when the placenta comes out.
What Happens
You might have mild contractions again. These help the placenta separate and come out. Your midwife may help by guiding the cord or gently pushing. These moves are gentle and quick.
Timing
This stage usually lasts 5–30 minutes. If the placenta holds on, it is called retained placenta. Then the birth team helps in safe ways.
Why it matters
This stage is important. The placenta separates and your body stops bleeding. You stay safe and begin bonding with your baby.
Fourth Stage of Labor
(Recovery after birth)
This final part may surprise you. It is called the 4th stage of labor. It is the time after birth, when your body recovers and the baby meets its parents.
What Happens
You will rest and hold your baby. Your uterus shrinks and uterus contraction healing happens. Skin to skin time and first feeding are magical moments.
Timing
This stage goes on for a few hours. Nurses or midwives check your health, make sure you feel safe, and help with feeding.
Why it matters
This is the time for bonding and calm. Emotional support matters now. Your baby feels safe and you start to heal.
Why Knowing the Stages Helps You Feel Ready
When you learn the stages of labor and delivery it makes the process less scary. You can understand why things hurt or why they take time. You feel more confident in each phase.
If you learn the stages of labor in pregnancy, you can prepare. Things like a birth plan, hospital bag, breathing exercises or walking practice get real.
Parents also find comfort by knowing when they will push or when recovery will happen. Learning labels like early stages of labour and final stages of labour helps give you steady steps forward.
Common Differences in Timing
(Each body and birth is unique)
Every birth is its own story. Some labours are fast, some take time. You may see these patterns:
An average length of labor is tough to pin down
A fast labour could mean just a few hours
A slow labour might be two days
A delayed second stage of labour may be because of baby's position or mother's rest time
There is no right or wrong. Birth is beautiful even if it moves slowly.
Coping With Each Phase
(What helps you feel strong)
Early Stage of Labour
Take it slow. Walk, breathe, sip water. Comfort items help.
Active First Stage
Use breathing, cushions, low lights. Partner support matters here.
Second Stage
Push with guidance. Try different positions: squat or hands and knees.
Third and Fourth Stage
Rest, hold your baby, drink water, snack, let birth helpers watch you.
A Little Note From Lunara
Your body is wise. It knows how to carry, grow, and birth a baby. And at Lunara, we believe in holding space for that wisdom. That’s why we’re creating gentle digital tools to help you feel more in tune with your body. Soon, Lunara’s app will support you through pregnancy, labour planning, and postpartum healing — from understanding signs to preparing for what’s ahead.
Our pregnancy and birth calculators are just the beginning. They’re designed to give you clarity without stress. Want to be among the first to use them? Join our waitlist today and be part of a new kind of care — one that feels like a warm, trusted hand in yours.
Final Thoughts
Labour isn’t just about the moment your baby is born. It’s a full story with many chapters. The early signs, the build-up, the pushing, the release, and the stillness afterward — each phase matters. They all teach you something about your body, your strength, and your capacity to love.
No two births are the same. No two timelines are identical. But all bodies deserve kindness, support, and care. Your birth story will unfold in its own way, and that’s not just okay — it’s beautiful.
So take deep breaths. Ask for help when you need it. Trust what your body tells you. You’re doing something incredible — and you’re never alone in it.
FAQs About Labour Stages
Q: How many stages of labour are there?
There are four stages of labour, and each one has its own purpose. The first stage is when your cervix slowly opens (dilates). The second stage is the pushing phase, when your baby is born. The third stage is when the placenta comes out. And the fourth stage is the first few hours after birth, when your body starts to rest and recover. Each stage plays an important role in the full journey of labour and birth.
Q: How long does each stage take?
It’s different for everyone. The first stage (dilation) can take several hours, especially if it’s your first baby — it might be 8 to 12 hours, but it could be more or less. The second stage (pushing) can last anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours. The third stage (delivering the placenta) is usually quick, around 10 to 30 minutes. And the fourth stage (recovery) is the first 1 to 2 hours after birth, when your body starts adjusting. Don’t worry if things move slower or faster — your body has its own pace.
Q: What are signs of the 1st stage of labor?
The first stage begins gently for many people. You might feel lower back pain, mild cramps that grow stronger, or your water might break. As contractions become more regular and intense, you’ll know your cervix is beginning to open. You may feel excited, nervous, or a bit unsure — all of that is normal. Your body is just beginning the process.
Q: What are signs of the 2nd stage of labor?
This is when things start to shift. You’ll likely feel a strong urge to push, as if your body is helping guide your baby out. Some people say they feel pressure in their bottom. Others describe a wave of energy or intense focus. You might even see a bit of your baby’s head — this is called “crowning.” It’s a powerful stage, full of strength and support.
Q: What is delayed second stage of labour?
Sometimes, the second stage (pushing) takes longer than expected. If the baby isn’t moving down as quickly, it’s called a delayed second stage. This might happen if you're tired, or your baby needs more time to rotate or move. Care teams often suggest changing positions or taking a break. In some cases, gentle assistance like vacuum or forceps might be discussed. It doesn’t mean anything is wrong — it just means your team is looking out for both of you.
Q: What if you do not want intervention?
That’s completely okay. If you’d prefer to avoid medical help unless it’s truly needed, the best thing is to make a birth plan in advance. Share your wishes with your midwife or doctor early on, so they understand what matters most to you. You can ask for things like time, privacy, or natural comfort measures. It’s your body and your birth — you have the right to feel supported and heard every step of the way.